Advanced
Best Practices
Guidelines for building secure, efficient, and maintainable Solana applications
Security Best Practices
Never Expose Private Keys
- • Never commit private keys to version control
- • Use environment variables for sensitive data
- • Never log or display private keys in UI
- • Rotate keys immediately if exposed
- • Use hardware wallets for large amounts
Transaction Validation
- • Always verify transaction details before signing
- • Check recipient addresses carefully
- • Validate token amounts and decimals
- • Review smart contract interactions
- • Be wary of phishing attempts
Wallet Security
- • Backup seed phrases securely (offline)
- • Use strong passwords for wallet encryption
- • Enable 2FA where available
- • Keep wallet software up to date
- • Disconnect wallet when not in use
Development Best Practices
Test on Devnet First
Always test your operations on devnet before deploying to mainnet:
- • Free SOL available via airdrop
- • Identical functionality to mainnet
- • Safe environment for experimentation
- • Test edge cases and error handling
NEXT_PUBLIC_SOLANA_NETWORK=devnetError Handling
Implement comprehensive error handling:
try {
await transferToken({...});
} catch (error) {
if (error.message.includes('insufficient')) {
// Handle insufficient balance
} else if (error.message.includes('timeout')) {
// Handle network timeout
} else {
// Handle generic errors
}
}TypeScript Usage
Leverage TypeScript for type safety:
- • Define interfaces for all data structures
- • Use strict mode in tsconfig.json
- • Avoid 'any' type when possible
- • Utilize type guards for runtime checks
- • Document complex types with JSDoc
Code Organization
Maintain a clean and organized codebase:
- • Group related functionality into modules
- • Use consistent naming conventions
- • Keep components small and focused
- • Extract reusable logic into hooks/utilities
- • Document complex logic with comments
Performance Best Practices
Optimize RPC Usage
- • Batch multiple account requests together
- • Cache responses when appropriate
- • Use websockets for real-time updates
- • Choose commitment level wisely (finalized vs confirmed)
- • Consider using custom RPC providers for better rates
Transaction Optimization
- • Combine multiple instructions when possible
- • Use priority fees during network congestion
- • Implement retry logic with exponential backoff
- • Monitor and optimize compute units
- • Consider using versioned transactions for larger ops
Frontend Performance
- • Use React.memo for expensive components
- • Implement virtual scrolling for large lists
- • Lazy load heavy dependencies
- • Optimize images and assets
- • Minimize re-renders with proper state management
DeFi Best Practices
Understand Risks
- • Impermanent loss in liquidity pools
- • Smart contract vulnerabilities
- • Price slippage on large trades
- • Liquidation risk with leverage
- • Protocol-specific risks
Trading Strategy
- • Start with small amounts to test strategies
- • Set appropriate slippage tolerance
- • Use limit orders for better execution
- • Monitor gas fees and optimize timing
- • Diversify across multiple protocols
Yield Farming
- • Research protocols thoroughly before depositing
- • Understand tokenomics and emission schedules
- • Calculate break-even points including fees
- • Monitor positions regularly
- • Have exit strategies prepared
NFT Best Practices
Metadata Storage
Use permanent storage solutions:
- • Arweave for permanent, decentralized storage
- • IPFS with pinning services as alternative
- • Never use centralized servers for valuable NFTs
- • Backup metadata JSON files locally
Collection Management
- • Verify collections before minting
- • Set fair royalty percentages (5-10%)
- • Keep update authority until collection complete
- • Document rarity distribution clearly
- • Consider compressed NFTs for large collections
Monitoring and Maintenance
Application Monitoring
- • Set up error tracking (Sentry, LogRocket)
- • Monitor RPC endpoint health
- • Track transaction success rates
- • Log critical operations for audit trails
- • Set up alerts for anomalies
Regular Maintenance
- • Keep dependencies updated
- • Monitor for security vulnerabilities
- • Review and optimize database queries
- • Clean up unused code and assets
- • Document changes and updates
Development Checklist
Before Deployment
- ✓ Test on devnet thoroughly
- ✓ Audit smart contracts
- ✓ Review all environment variables
- ✓ Set up monitoring tools
- ✓ Prepare rollback procedures
- ✓ Document API endpoints
After Deployment
- ✓ Monitor error rates
- ✓ Check transaction success rates
- ✓ Verify RPC connectivity
- ✓ Test critical user flows
- ✓ Monitor performance metrics
- ✓ Gather user feedback
Community Resources
Stay connected with the Solana developer community:
- • Join the Solana Discord for support
- • Follow Solana Foundation on Twitter
- • Participate in hackathons and events
- • Contribute to open-source projects
- • Share knowledge through blog posts
- • Attend Solana Breakpoint conference
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